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The leaders of the Allies were Franklin Roosevelt (the United States), Winston Churchill (Great Britain), and Joseph Stalin (the Soviet Union). The main Allied powers were Great Britain, The United States, China, and the Soviet Union. So, who were the Axis powers and who were the Allies? When trying to understand the complicated course of WWII, it is helpful to know the main players and their goals. Why countries joined the Axis or the Allies was complex, often rooted in many different factors, such as how much military power that country held, what political system they followed, and where they were located geographically. Like many countries, Thailand joined the Axis powers because of military pressure. The partnership was not necessarily an equal one their alliance was the result of the December 8 Japanese invasion of Thailand after failed negotiations, the Thai resistance lasting only hours before a ceasefire was declared. Thailand was valuable for the Axis powers, as their airfields, ports, and railways would be instrumental in planned invasions of Malaya and Burma. On this day in 1941, Thailand allied with Japan.

Photograph of Phot Phahonyothin (far left) with Hideki Tojo (center) in Tokyo 1942)